From - Natural History Museum (London) By Lisa Hendry, Adult female Neanderthal skull from Forbes' Quarry, Gibraltar. One of the highlight specimens in our Human Evolution gallery is the fossil skull known as Gibraltar 1. It is the first adult Neanderthal skull ever discovered. Model-maker Jez Gibson-Harris and acoustics researcher Anna Barney join human origins expert Professor Chris Stringer to tell the skull's story and explore what our ancient human relative was like. Initially unrecognised The skull was found in 1848 in a quarry in Gibraltar. Its significance wasn't recognised at first. But eight years later amateur naturalist Johann Fuhlrott identified a similar skull and additional remains in the Neander Valley in Germany. In 1864, it was named as a new species of human, Homo neanderthalensis . The sensation this caused meant the first skull was revisited, and it too was found to be a Neanderthal fossil. Who were the Neanderthals? Neanderthals are